<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>
<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 2.0.23"/>
<title>git-tag(1)</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700"/>
<style>
/*! Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | https://asciidoctor.org */
/* Uncomment the following line when using as a custom stylesheet */
/* @import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700"; */
html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
a{background:none}
a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
b,strong{font-weight:bold}
abbr{font-size:.9em}
abbr[title]{cursor:help;border-bottom:1px dotted #dddddf;text-decoration:none}
dfn{font-style:italic}
hr{height:0}
mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
small{font-size:80%}
sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
sup{top:-.5em}
sub{bottom:-.25em}
img{border:0}
svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
figure{margin:0}
audio,video{display:inline-block}
audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
legend{border:0;padding:0}
button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
button,input{line-height:normal}
button,select{text-transform:none}
button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
input[type=checkbox],input[type=radio]{padding:0}
button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
*,::before,::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html,body{font-size:100%}
body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;word-wrap:anywhere;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a:hover{cursor:pointer}
img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
object,embed{height:100%}
img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
.left{float:left!important}
.right{float:right!important}
.text-left{text-align:left!important}
.text-right{text-align:right!important}
.text-center{text-align:center!important}
.text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
.hide{display:none}
img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
select{width:100%}
.subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0}
a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
a img{border:0}
p{line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
h1{font-size:2.125em}
h2{font-size:1.6875em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
h6{font-size:1em}
hr{border:solid #dddddf;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em}
em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
ul,ol,dl{line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
ul.square{list-style-type:square}
ul.circle ul:not([class]),ul.disc ul:not([class]),ul.square ul:not([class]){list-style:inherit}
ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
h1{font-size:2.75em}
h2{font-size:2.3125em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:1px solid #dedede;word-wrap:normal}
table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7}
table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
table tr.even,table tr.alt{background:#f8f8f7}
table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{line-height:1.6}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
.center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.stretch{width:100%}
.clearfix::before,.clearfix::after,.float-group::before,.float-group::after{content:" ";display:table}
.clearfix::after,.float-group::after{clear:both}
:not(pre).nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
:not(pre).nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
:not(pre).pre-wrap{white-space:pre-wrap}
:not(pre):not([class^=L])>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background:#f7f7f8;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
pre{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
pre code,pre pre{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}
pre>code{display:block}
pre.nowrap,pre.nowrap pre{white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal}
em em{font-style:normal}
strong strong{font-weight:400}
.keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),inset 0 0 0 .1em #fff;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
.keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
.keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
.menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
.menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
.menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
.menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
.menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
b.button::before,b.button::after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
b.button::before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
b.button::after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin:0 auto;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
#header::before,#header::after,#content::before,#content::after,#footnotes::before,#footnotes::after,#footer::before,#footer::after{content:" ";display:table}
#header::after,#content::after,#footnotes::after,#footer::after{clear:both}
#content{margin-top:1.25em}
#content::before{content:none}
#header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
#header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #dddddf}
#header>h1:only-child{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
#header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap}
#header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
#header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br{display:none}
#header .details br+span::before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
#header .details br+span.author::before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br+span#revremark::before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
#header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
#header #revnumber::after{content:"\00a0"}
#content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e9;padding-bottom:.5em}
#toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
#toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
#toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
#toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
#toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
#toc a{text-decoration:none}
#toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
#toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
#toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #e7e7e9;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
#toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #e7e7e9;left:auto;right:0}}
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
#toc.toc2{width:20em}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
#content #toc{border:1px solid #e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;border-radius:4px}
#content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
#content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
#footer{max-width:none;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
#footer-text{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.8);line-height:1.44}
#content{margin-bottom:.625em}
.sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#content{margin-bottom:1.25em}
.sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
.sect1:last-child{padding-bottom:0}
.sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #e7e7e9}
#content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
#content h1>a.anchor::before,h2>a.anchor::before,h3>a.anchor::before,#toctitle>a.anchor::before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor::before,h4>a.anchor::before,h5>a.anchor::before,h6>a.anchor::before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
#content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
#content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
#content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
details,.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
details{margin-left:1.25rem}
details>summary{cursor:pointer;display:block;position:relative;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:.625rem;outline:none;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}
details>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
details>summary::before{content:"";border:solid transparent;border-left:solid;border-width:.3em 0 .3em .5em;position:absolute;top:.5em;left:-1.25rem;transform:translateX(15%)}
details[open]>summary::before{border:solid transparent;border-top:solid;border-width:.5em .3em 0;transform:translateY(15%)}
details>summary::after{content:"";width:1.25rem;height:1em;position:absolute;top:.3em;left:-1.25rem}
.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
table.tableblock.fit-content>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;width:0}
.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>[class=paragraph]:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
.admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:none}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
.admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #dddddf;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);word-wrap:anywhere}
.admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.exampleblock>.content{border:1px solid #e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;border-radius:4px}
.sidebarblock{border:1px solid #dbdbd6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f3f3f2;border-radius:4px}
.sidebarblock>.content>.title{color:#7a2518;margin-top:0;text-align:center}
.exampleblock>.content>:first-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:first-child{margin-top:0}
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{border-radius:4px;overflow-x:auto;padding:1em;font-size:.8125em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:.90625em}}
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:1em}}
.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre:not(.highlight),.listingblock>.content>pre[class=highlight],.listingblock>.content>pre[class^="highlight "]{background:#f7f7f8}
.literalblock.output pre{color:#f7f7f8;background:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
.listingblock>.content{position:relative}
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:none;content:attr(data-lang);position:absolute;font-size:.75em;top:.425rem;right:.5rem;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
.listingblock:hover code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command::before{content:attr(data-prompt);padding-right:.5em;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command:not([data-prompt])::before{content:"$"}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs{padding:0}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs>code{padding:1em;border-radius:4px}
.listingblock pre.prettyprint{border-width:0}
.prettyprint{background:#f7f7f8}
pre.prettyprint .linenums{line-height:1.45;margin-left:2em}
pre.prettyprint li{background:none;list-style-type:inherit;padding-left:0}
pre.prettyprint li code[data-lang]::before{opacity:1}
pre.prettyprint li:not(:first-child) code[data-lang]::before{display:none}
table.linenotable{border-collapse:separate;border:0;margin-bottom:0;background:none}
table.linenotable td[class]{color:inherit;vertical-align:top;padding:0;line-height:inherit;white-space:normal}
table.linenotable td.code{padding-left:.75em}
table.linenotable td.linenos,pre.pygments .linenos{border-right:1px solid;opacity:.35;padding-right:.5em;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}
pre.pygments span.linenos{display:inline-block;margin-right:.75em}
.quoteblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em 1.5em;display:table}
.quoteblock:not(.excerpt)>.title{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-bottom:.75em}
.quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.75;word-spacing:.1em;letter-spacing:0;font-style:italic;text-align:justify}
.quoteblock blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}
.quoteblock blockquote::before{content:"\201c";float:left;font-size:2.75em;font-weight:bold;line-height:.6em;margin-left:-.6em;color:#7a2518;text-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
.quoteblock blockquote>.paragraph:last-child p{margin-bottom:0}
.quoteblock .attribution{margin-top:.75em;margin-right:.5ex;text-align:right}
.verseblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em}
.verseblock pre{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-size:1.15rem;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-weight:300;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
.verseblock pre strong{font-weight:400}
.verseblock .attribution{margin-top:1.25rem;margin-left:.5ex}
.quoteblock .attribution,.verseblock .attribution{font-size:.9375em;line-height:1.45;font-style:italic}
.quoteblock .attribution br,.verseblock .attribution br{display:none}
.quoteblock .attribution cite,.verseblock .attribution cite{display:block;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote::before,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote::before,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote::before{display:none}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote,.quoteblock.abstract p,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{line-height:1.6;word-spacing:0}
.quoteblock.abstract{margin:0 1em 1.25em;display:block}
.quoteblock.abstract>.title{margin:0 0 .375em;font-size:1.15em;text-align:center}
.quoteblock.excerpt>blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock{padding:0 0 .25em 1em;border-left:.25em solid #dddddf}
.quoteblock.excerpt,.quoteblock .quoteblock{margin-left:0}
.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{color:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem}
.quoteblock.excerpt .attribution,.quoteblock .quoteblock .attribution{color:inherit;font-size:.85rem;text-align:left;margin-right:0}
p.tableblock:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
td.tableblock>.content{margin-bottom:1.25em;word-wrap:anywhere}
td.tableblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:-1.25em}
table.tableblock,th.tableblock,td.tableblock{border:0 solid #dedede}
table.grid-all>*>tr>*{border-width:1px}
table.grid-cols>*>tr>*{border-width:0 1px}
table.grid-rows>*>tr>*{border-width:1px 0}
table.frame-all{border-width:1px}
table.frame-ends{border-width:1px 0}
table.frame-sides{border-width:0 1px}
table.frame-none>colgroup+*>:first-child>*,table.frame-sides>colgroup+*>:first-child>*{border-top-width:0}
table.frame-none>:last-child>:last-child>*,table.frame-sides>:last-child>:last-child>*{border-bottom-width:0}
table.frame-none>*>tr>:first-child,table.frame-ends>*>tr>:first-child{border-left-width:0}
table.frame-none>*>tr>:last-child,table.frame-ends>*>tr>:last-child{border-right-width:0}
table.stripes-all>*>tr,table.stripes-odd>*>tr:nth-of-type(odd),table.stripes-even>*>tr:nth-of-type(even),table.stripes-hover>*>tr:hover{background:#f8f8f7}
th.halign-left,td.halign-left{text-align:left}
th.halign-right,td.halign-right{text-align:right}
th.halign-center,td.halign-center{text-align:center}
th.valign-top,td.valign-top{vertical-align:top}
th.valign-bottom,td.valign-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}
th.valign-middle,td.valign-middle{vertical-align:middle}
table thead th,table tfoot th{font-weight:bold}
tbody tr th{background:#f7f8f7}
tbody tr th,tbody tr th p,tfoot tr th,tfoot tr th p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-weight:bold}
p.tableblock>code:only-child{background:none;padding:0}
p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
ol{margin-left:1.75em}
ul li ol{margin-left:1.5em}
dl dd{margin-left:1.125em}
dl dd:last-child,dl dd:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
li p,ul dd,ol dd,.olist .olist,.ulist .ulist,.ulist .olist,.olist .ulist{margin-bottom:.625em}
ul.checklist,ul.none,ol.none,ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered,ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{list-style-type:none}
ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered{margin-left:.625em}
ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{margin-left:0}
li>p:empty:only-child::before{content:"";display:inline-block}
ul.checklist>li>p:first-child{margin-left:-1em}
ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>.fa-square-o:first-child,ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>.fa-check-square-o:first-child{width:1.25em;font-size:.8em;position:relative;bottom:.125em}
ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>input[type=checkbox]:first-child{margin-right:.25em}
ul.inline{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;list-style:none;margin:0 0 .625em -1.25em}
ul.inline>li{margin-left:1.25em}
.unstyled dl dt{font-weight:400;font-style:normal}
ol.arabic{list-style-type:decimal}
ol.decimal{list-style-type:decimal-leading-zero}
ol.loweralpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}
ol.upperalpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}
ol.lowerroman{list-style-type:lower-roman}
ol.upperroman{list-style-type:upper-roman}
ol.lowergreek{list-style-type:lower-greek}
.hdlist>table,.colist>table{border:0;background:none}
.hdlist>table>tbody>tr,.colist>table>tbody>tr{background:none}
td.hdlist1,td.hdlist2{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .625em}
td.hdlist1{font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:1.25em}
td.hdlist2{word-wrap:anywhere}
.literalblock+.colist,.listingblock+.colist{margin-top:-.5em}
.colist td:not([class]):first-child{padding:.4em .75em 0;line-height:1;vertical-align:top}
.colist td:not([class]):first-child img{max-width:none}
.colist td:not([class]):last-child{padding:.25em 0}
.thumb,.th{line-height:0;display:inline-block;border:4px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd}
.imageblock.left{margin:.25em .625em 1.25em 0}
.imageblock.right{margin:.25em 0 1.25em .625em}
.imageblock>.title{margin-bottom:0}
.imageblock.thumb,.imageblock.th{border-width:6px}
.imageblock.thumb>.title,.imageblock.th>.title{padding:0 .125em}
.image.left,.image.right{margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.25em;display:inline-block;line-height:0}
.image.left{margin-right:.625em}
.image.right{margin-left:.625em}
a.image{text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}
a.image object{pointer-events:none}
sup.footnote,sup.footnoteref{font-size:.875em;position:static;vertical-align:super}
sup.footnote a,sup.footnoteref a{text-decoration:none}
sup.footnote a:active,sup.footnoteref a:active,#footnotes .footnote a:first-of-type:active{text-decoration:underline}
#footnotes{padding-top:.75em;padding-bottom:.75em;margin-bottom:.625em}
#footnotes hr{width:20%;min-width:6.25em;margin:-.25em 0 .75em;border-width:1px 0 0}
#footnotes .footnote{padding:0 .375em 0 .225em;line-height:1.3334;font-size:.875em;margin-left:1.2em;margin-bottom:.2em}
#footnotes .footnote a:first-of-type{font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;margin-left:-1.05em}
#footnotes .footnote:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}
#content #footnotes{margin-top:-.625em;margin-bottom:0;padding:.75em 0}
div.unbreakable{page-break-inside:avoid}
.big{font-size:larger}
.small{font-size:smaller}
.underline{text-decoration:underline}
.overline{text-decoration:overline}
.line-through{text-decoration:line-through}
.aqua{color:#00bfbf}
.aqua-background{background:#00fafa}
.black{color:#000}
.black-background{background:#000}
.blue{color:#0000bf}
.blue-background{background:#0000fa}
.fuchsia{color:#bf00bf}
.fuchsia-background{background:#fa00fa}
.gray{color:#606060}
.gray-background{background:#7d7d7d}
.green{color:#006000}
.green-background{background:#007d00}
.lime{color:#00bf00}
.lime-background{background:#00fa00}
.maroon{color:#600000}
.maroon-background{background:#7d0000}
.navy{color:#000060}
.navy-background{background:#00007d}
.olive{color:#606000}
.olive-background{background:#7d7d00}
.purple{color:#600060}
.purple-background{background:#7d007d}
.red{color:#bf0000}
.red-background{background:#fa0000}
.silver{color:#909090}
.silver-background{background:#bcbcbc}
.teal{color:#006060}
.teal-background{background:#007d7d}
.white{color:#bfbfbf}
.white-background{background:#fafafa}
.yellow{color:#bfbf00}
.yellow-background{background:#fafa00}
span.icon>.fa{cursor:default}
a span.icon>.fa{cursor:inherit}
.admonitionblock td.icon [class^="fa icon-"]{font-size:2.5em;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:default}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-note::before{content:"\f05a";color:#19407c}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-tip::before{content:"\f0eb";text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(155,155,0,.8);color:#111}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-warning::before{content:"\f071";color:#bf6900}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-caution::before{content:"\f06d";color:#bf3400}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-important::before{content:"\f06a";color:#bf0000}
.conum[data-value]{display:inline-block;color:#fff!important;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-radius:50%;text-align:center;font-size:.75em;width:1.67em;height:1.67em;line-height:1.67em;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}
.conum[data-value] *{color:#fff!important}
.conum[data-value]+b{display:none}
.conum[data-value]::after{content:attr(data-value)}
pre .conum[data-value]{position:relative;top:-.125em}
b.conum *{color:inherit!important}
.conum:not([data-value]):empty{display:none}
dt,th.tableblock,td.content,div.footnote{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
h1,h2,p,td.content,span.alt,summary{letter-spacing:-.01em}
p strong,td.content strong,div.footnote strong{letter-spacing:-.005em}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content,td.hdlist1,span.alt,summary{font-size:1.0625rem}
p{margin-bottom:1.25rem}
.sidebarblock p,.sidebarblock dt,.sidebarblock td.content,p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
.exampleblock>.content{background:#fffef7;border-color:#e0e0dc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc}
.print-only{display:none!important}
@page{margin:1.25cm .75cm}
@media print{*{box-shadow:none!important;text-shadow:none!important}
html{font-size:80%}
a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline!important}
a.bare,a[href^="#"],a[href^="mailto:"]{text-decoration:none!important}
a[href^="http:"]:not(.bare)::after,a[href^="https:"]:not(.bare)::after{content:"(" attr(href) ")";display:inline-block;font-size:.875em;padding-left:.25em}
abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
abbr[title]::after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}
pre,blockquote,tr,img,object,svg{page-break-inside:avoid}
thead{display:table-header-group}
svg{max-width:100%}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content{font-size:1em;orphans:3;widows:3}
h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{page-break-after:avoid}
#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{max-width:none}
#toc,.sidebarblock,.exampleblock>.content{background:none!important}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
body.book #header{text-align:center}
body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em}
body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
body.book #header .details br{display:block}
body.book #header .details br+span::before{content:none!important}
body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
#footer{padding:0 .9375em}
.hide-on-print{display:none!important}
.print-only{display:block!important}
.hide-for-print{display:none!important}
.show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
@media amzn-kf8,print{#header>h1:first-child{margin-top:1.25rem}
.sect1{padding:0!important}
.sect1+.sect1{border:0}
#footer{background:none}
#footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:.9em}}
@media amzn-kf8{#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{padding:0}}
</style>
<style>
pre>code {
   display: inline;
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-tag(1) Manual Page</h1>
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-tag - Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git tag</em> [-a | -s | -u &lt;key-id&gt;] [-f] [-m &lt;msg&gt; | -F &lt;file&gt;] [-e]
        [(--trailer &lt;token&gt;[(=|:)&lt;value&gt;])&#8230;&#8203;]
        &lt;tagname&gt; [&lt;commit&gt; | &lt;object&gt;]
<em>git tag</em> -d &lt;tagname&gt;&#8230;&#8203;
<em>git tag</em> [-n[&lt;num&gt;]] -l [--contains &lt;commit&gt;] [--no-contains &lt;commit&gt;]
        [--points-at &lt;object&gt;] [--column[=&lt;options&gt;] | --no-column]
        [--create-reflog] [--sort=&lt;key&gt;] [--format=&lt;format&gt;]
        [--merged &lt;commit&gt;] [--no-merged &lt;commit&gt;] [&lt;pattern&gt;&#8230;&#8203;]
<em>git tag</em> -v [--format=&lt;format&gt;] &lt;tagname&gt;&#8230;&#8203;</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Add a tag reference in <code>refs/tags/</code>, unless <code>-d/-l/-v</code> is given
to delete, list or verify tags.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Unless <code>-f</code> is given, the named tag must not yet exist.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If one of <code>-a</code>, <code>-s</code>, or <code>-u</code> <em>&lt;key-id&gt;</em> is passed, the command
creates a <em>tag</em> object, and requires a tag message.  Unless
<code>-m</code> <em>&lt;msg&gt;</em> or <code>-F</code> <em>&lt;file&gt;</em> is given, an editor is started for the user to type
in the tag message.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If <code>-m</code> <em>&lt;msg&gt;</em> or <code>-F</code> <em>&lt;file&gt;</em> or <code>--trailer</code> <em>&lt;token&gt;</em>[<code>=</code><em>&lt;value&gt;</em>] is given
and <code>-a</code>, <code>-s</code>, and <code>-u</code> <em>&lt;key-id&gt;</em> are absent, <code>-a</code> is implied.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Otherwise, a tag reference that points directly at the given object
(i.e., a lightweight tag) is created.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when <code>-s</code> or <code>-u</code>
<em>&lt;key-id&gt;</em> is used.  When <code>-u</code> <em>&lt;key-id&gt;</em> is not used, the
committer identity for the current user is used to find the
GnuPG key for signing. 	The configuration variable <code>gpg.program</code>
is used to specify custom GnuPG binary.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Tag objects (created with <code>-a</code>, <code>-s</code>, or <code>-u</code>) are called "annotated"
tags; they contain a creation date, the tagger name and e-mail, a
tagging message, and an optional GnuPG signature. Whereas a
"lightweight" tag is simply a name for an object (usually a commit
object).</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Annotated tags are meant for release while lightweight tags are meant
for private or temporary object labels. For this reason, some git
commands for naming objects (like <code>git</code> <code>describe</code>) will ignore
lightweight tags by default.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">-a</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--annotate</dt>
<dd>
<p>Make an unsigned, annotated tag object</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-s</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--sign</dt>
<dd>
<p>Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address&#8217;s key.
The default behavior of tag GPG-signing is controlled by <code>tag.gpgSign</code>
configuration variable if it exists, or disabled otherwise.
See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-sign</dt>
<dd>
<p>Override <code>tag.gpgSign</code> configuration variable that is
set to force each and every tag to be signed.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-u &lt;key-id&gt;</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--local-user=&lt;key-id&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-f</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--force</dt>
<dd>
<p>Replace an existing tag with the given name (instead of failing)</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-d</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--delete</dt>
<dd>
<p>Delete existing tags with the given names.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-v</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--verify</dt>
<dd>
<p>Verify the GPG signature of the given tag names.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-n&lt;num&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>&lt;num&gt; specifies how many lines from the annotation, if any,
are printed when using -l. Implies <code>--list</code>.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The default is not to print any annotation lines.
If no number is given to <code>-n</code>, only the first line is printed.
If the tag is not annotated, the commit message is displayed instead.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-l</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--list</dt>
<dd>
<p>List tags. With optional <em>&lt;pattern&gt;</em>..., e.g. <code>git</code> <code>tag</code> <code>--list</code>
'v-*', list only the tags that match the pattern(s).</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Running "git tag" without arguments also lists all tags. The pattern
is a shell wildcard (i.e., matched using fnmatch(3)). Multiple
patterns may be given; if any of them matches, the tag is shown.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This option is implicitly supplied if any other list-like option such
as <code>--contains</code> is provided. See the documentation for each of those
options for details.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--sort=&lt;key&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Sort based on the key given.  Prefix <code>-</code> to sort in
descending order of the value. You may use the --sort=&lt;key&gt; option
multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
key. Also supports "version:refname" or "v:refname" (tag
names are treated as versions). The "version:refname" sort
order can also be affected by the "versionsort.suffix"
configuration variable.
The keys supported are the same as those in <code>git</code> <code>for-each-ref</code>.
Sort order defaults to the value configured for the <code>tag.sort</code>
variable if it exists, or lexicographic order otherwise. See
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--color[=&lt;when&gt;]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Respect any colors specified in the <code>--format</code> option. The
<em>&lt;when&gt;</em> field must be one of <code>always</code>, <code>never</code>, or <code>auto</code> (if
<em>&lt;when&gt;</em> is absent, behave as if <code>always</code> was given).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-i</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-case</dt>
<dd>
<p>Sorting and filtering tags are case insensitive.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--omit-empty</dt>
<dd>
<p>Do not print a newline after formatted refs where the format expands
to the empty string.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--column[=&lt;options&gt;]</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-column</dt>
<dd>
<p>Display tag listing in columns. See configuration variable
<code>column.tag</code> for option syntax. <code>--column</code> and <code>--no-column</code>
without options are equivalent to <em>always</em> and <em>never</em> respectively.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This option is only applicable when listing tags without annotation lines.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--contains [&lt;commit&gt;]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Only list tags which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
specified). Implies <code>--list</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-contains [&lt;commit&gt;]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Only list tags which don&#8217;t contain the specified commit (HEAD if
not specified). Implies <code>--list</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--merged [&lt;commit&gt;]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Only list tags whose commits are reachable from the specified
commit (<code>HEAD</code> if not specified).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-merged [&lt;commit&gt;]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Only list tags whose commits are not reachable from the specified
commit (<code>HEAD</code> if not specified).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--points-at &lt;object&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Only list tags of the given object (HEAD if not
specified). Implies <code>--list</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-m &lt;msg&gt;</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--message=&lt;msg&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Use the given tag message (instead of prompting).
If multiple <code>-m</code> options are given, their values are
concatenated as separate paragraphs.
Implies <code>-a</code> if none of <code>-a</code>, <code>-s</code>, or <code>-u</code> <em>&lt;key-id&gt;</em>
is given.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-F &lt;file&gt;</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--file=&lt;file&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Take the tag message from the given file.  Use <em>-</em> to
read the message from the standard input.
Implies <code>-a</code> if none of <code>-a</code>, <code>-s</code>, or <code>-u</code> <em>&lt;key-id&gt;</em>
is given.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--trailer &lt;token&gt;[(=|:)&lt;value&gt;]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify a (&lt;token&gt;, &lt;value&gt;) pair that should be applied as a
trailer. (e.g. <code>git</code> <code>tag</code> <code>--trailer</code> "Custom-Key: <code>value</code>"
will add a "Custom-Key" trailer to the tag message.)
The <code>trailer.*</code> configuration variables
(<a href="git-interpret-trailers.html">git-interpret-trailers(1)</a>) can be used to define if
a duplicated trailer is omitted, where in the run of trailers
each trailer would appear, and other details.
The trailers can be extracted in <code>git</code> <code>tag</code> <code>--list</code>, using
<code>--format=</code>"%(<code>trailers</code>)" placeholder.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-e</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--edit</dt>
<dd>
<p>The message taken from file with <code>-F</code> and command line with
<code>-m</code> are usually used as the tag message unmodified.
This option lets you further edit the message taken from these sources.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--cleanup=&lt;mode&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>This option sets how the tag message is cleaned up.
The  <em>&lt;mode&gt;</em> can be one of <em>verbatim</em>, <em>whitespace</em> and <em>strip</em>.  The
<em>strip</em> mode is default. The <em>verbatim</em> mode does not change message at
all, <em>whitespace</em> removes just leading/trailing whitespace lines and
<em>strip</em> removes both whitespace and commentary.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--create-reflog</dt>
<dd>
<p>Create a reflog for the tag. To globally enable reflogs for tags, see
<code>core.logAllRefUpdates</code> in <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.
The negated form <code>--no-create-reflog</code> only overrides an earlier
<code>--create-reflog</code>, but currently does not negate the setting of
<code>core.logAllRefUpdates</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--format=&lt;format&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>A string that interpolates <code>%</code>(<code>fieldname</code>) from a tag ref being shown
and the object it points at.  The format is the same as
that of <a href="git-for-each-ref.html">git-for-each-ref(1)</a>.  When unspecified,
defaults to <code>%</code>(<code>refname:strip=2</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">&lt;tagname&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>The name of the tag to create, delete, or describe.
The new tag name must pass all checks defined by
<a href="git-check-ref-format.html">git-check-ref-format(1)</a>.  Some of these checks
may restrict the characters allowed in a tag name.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">&lt;commit&gt;</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">&lt;object&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>The object that the new tag will refer to, usually a commit.
Defaults to HEAD.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>By default, <em>git tag</em> in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your
committer identity (of the form <code>Your</code> <code>Name</code> &lt;your@email.<code>address</code>&gt;) to
find a key.  If you want to use a different default key, you can specify
it in the repository configuration as follows:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>[user]
    signingKey = &lt;gpg-key-id&gt;</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><code>pager.tag</code> is only respected when listing tags, i.e., when <code>-l</code> is
used or implied. The default is to use a pager.
See <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_discussion">DISCUSSION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_on_re_tagging">On Re-tagging</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>What should you do when you tag a wrong commit and you would
want to re-tag?</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you never pushed anything out, just re-tag it. Use "-f" to
replace the old one. And you&#8217;re done.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>But if you have pushed things out (or others could just read
your repository directly), then others will have already seen
the old tag. In that case you can do one of two things:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>The sane thing.
Just admit you screwed up, and use a different name. Others have
already seen one tag-name, and if you keep the same name, you
may be in the situation that two people both have "version X",
but they actually have <em>different</em> "X"'s.  So just call it "X.1"
and be done with it.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The insane thing.
You really want to call the new version "X" too, <em>even though</em>
others have already seen the old one. So just use <em>git tag -f</em>
again, as if you hadn&#8217;t already published the old one.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>However, Git does <strong>not</strong> (and it should not) change tags behind
users back. So if somebody already got the old tag, doing a
<em>git pull</em> on your tree shouldn&#8217;t just make them overwrite the old
one.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If somebody got a release tag from you, you cannot just change
the tag for them by updating your own one. This is a big
security issue, in that people MUST be able to trust their
tag-names.  If you really want to do the insane thing, you need
to just fess up to it, and tell people that you messed up. You
can do that by making a very public announcement saying:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Ok, I messed up, and I pushed out an earlier version tagged as X. I
then fixed something, and retagged the *fixed* tree as X again.

If you got the wrong tag, and want the new one, please delete
the old one and fetch the new one by doing:

        git tag -d X
        git fetch origin tag X

to get my updated tag.

You can test which tag you have by doing

        git rev-parse X

which should return 0123456789abcdef.. if you have the new version.

Sorry for the inconvenience.</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Does this seem a bit complicated?  It <strong>should</strong> be. There is no
way that it would be correct to just "fix" it automatically.
People need to know that their tags might have been changed.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_on_automatic_following">On Automatic following</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you are following somebody else&#8217;s tree, you are most likely
using remote-tracking branches (eg. <code>refs/remotes/origin/master</code>).
You usually want the tags from the other end.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>On the other hand, if you are fetching because you would want a
one-shot merge from somebody else, you typically do not want to
get tags from there.  This happens more often for people near
the toplevel but not limited to them.  Mere mortals when pulling
from each other do not necessarily want to automatically get
private anchor point tags from the other person.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Often, "please pull" messages on the mailing list just provide
two pieces of information: a repo URL and a branch name; this
is designed to be easily cut&amp;pasted at the end of a <em>git fetch</em>
command line:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Linus, please pull from

        git://git..../proj.git master

to get the following updates...</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>becomes:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git pull git://git..../proj.git master</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In such a case, you do not want to automatically follow the other
person&#8217;s tags.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>One important aspect of Git is its distributed nature, which
largely means there is no inherent "upstream" or
"downstream" in the system.  On the face of it, the above
example might seem to indicate that the tag namespace is owned
by the upper echelon of people and that tags only flow downwards, but
that is not the case.  It only shows that the usage pattern
determines who are interested in whose tags.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A one-shot pull is a sign that a commit history is now crossing
the boundary between one circle of people (e.g. "people who are
primarily interested in the networking part of the kernel") who may
have their own set of tags (e.g. "this is the third release
candidate from the networking group to be proposed for general
consumption with 2.6.21 release") to another circle of people
(e.g. "people who integrate various subsystem improvements").
The latter are usually not interested in the detailed tags used
internally in the former group (that is what "internal" means).
That is why it is desirable not to follow tags automatically in
this case.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>It may well be that among networking people, they may want to
exchange the tags internal to their group, but in that workflow
they are most likely tracking each other&#8217;s progress by
having remote-tracking branches.  Again, the heuristic to automatically
follow such tags is a good thing.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_on_backdating_tags">On Backdating Tags</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you have imported some changes from another VCS and would like
to add tags for major releases of your work, it is useful to be able
to specify the date to embed inside of the tag object; such data in
the tag object affects, for example, the ordering of tags in the
gitweb interface.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To set the date used in future tag objects, set the environment
variable GIT_COMMITTER_DATE (see the later discussion of possible
values; the most common form is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM").</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For example:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-10-02 10:31" git tag -s v1.0.1</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_date_formats">DATE FORMATS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <code>GIT_AUTHOR_DATE</code> and <code>GIT_COMMITTER_DATE</code> environment variables
support the following date formats:</p>
</div>
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">Git internal format</dt>
<dd>
<p>It is <em>&lt;unix-timestamp&gt;</em> <em>&lt;time-zone-offset&gt;</em>, where
<em>&lt;unix-timestamp&gt;</em> is the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch.
<em>&lt;time-zone-offset&gt;</em> is a positive or negative offset from UTC.
For example CET (which is 1 hour ahead of UTC) is <code>+0100</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">RFC 2822</dt>
<dd>
<p>The standard date format as described by RFC 2822, for example
<code>Thu,</code> <code>07</code> <code>Apr</code> <code>2005</code> <code>22:13:13</code> <code>+0200</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">ISO 8601</dt>
<dd>
<p>Time and date specified by the ISO 8601 standard, for example
<code>2005-04-07T22:13:13</code>. The parser accepts a space instead of the
<code>T</code> character as well. Fractional parts of a second will be ignored,
for example <code>2005-04-07T22:13:13.019</code> will be treated as
<code>2005-04-07T22:13:13</code>.</p>
<div class="admonitionblock note">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<div class="title">Note</div>
</td>
<td class="content">
In addition, the date part is accepted in the following formats:
<code>YYYY.MM.DD</code>, <code>MM/DD/YYYY</code> and <code>DD.MM.YYYY</code>.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_files">FILES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>$GIT_DIR/TAG_EDITMSG</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>This file contains the message of an in-progress annotated
tag. If <code>git</code> <code>tag</code> exits due to an error before creating an
annotated tag then the tag message that has been provided by the
user in an editor session will be available in this file, but
may be overwritten by the next invocation of <code>git</code> <code>tag</code>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_notes">NOTES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When combining multiple <code>--contains</code> and <code>--no-contains</code> filters, only
references that contain at least one of the <code>--contains</code> commits and
contain none of the <code>--no-contains</code> commits are shown.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When combining multiple <code>--merged</code> and <code>--no-merged</code> filters, only
references that are reachable from at least one of the <code>--merged</code>
commits and from none of the <code>--no-merged</code> commits are shown.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><a href="git-check-ref-format.html">git-check-ref-format(1)</a>.
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2025-08-19 08:53:03 UTC
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>